Kwimizi-mveliso efana ne-oyile, igesi, imichiza, namandla, imibhobho ithwala uxanduva olunzima lokuthutha amajelo eendaba, afana nemithambo yegazi. Nangona kunjalo, le mibhobho iyakwazi ukubola ngenxa yokuba -kusesichengeni sokufuma, imichiza eyonakalisayo, okanye ubushushu obugqithisileyo. Oku akugcini nje ukwenza bufutshane ubomi babo benkonzo kodwa kunokukhokelela kwiziganeko zokhuseleko ezifana nokuvuza kunye nokudubula. Ukuvela komhlwa{4}}umbhobho wentsimbi okwaziyo ukulungisa le ngxaki. Ngenkqubo ekhethekileyo, uluhlu olukhuselayo lwenziwa kumphezulu wombhobho wensimbi, osebenza njengesikhuselo sokukhusela, ukwandisa kakhulu ixesha lokuphila kombhobho kunye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwenkqubo ekhuselekileyo.
1. Undoqo woKutya{1}}Imibhobho yentsimbi eNganyangekiyo: Idityaniso lombhobho wentsimbi kunye noMaleko oKhuselayo.
Embindini wawo, umbhobho -oxhathisayo umbhobho usengumbhobho wentsimbi oqhelekileyo (ofana nongenamthungo, oweld ngokuvunguza, okanye{1}}umthungo odityanisiweyo odityanisiweyo), kodwa iyahluka kwinto yokuba kusetyenziswe into enganyangekiyo{2}}kumgangatho ongaphakathi nangaphandle wombhobho. Olu luhlu lokukhusela lunokwahlulwa lube ngamacandelo amathathu ngokusekelwe kwizinto kunye nenkqubo esetyenzisiweyo: i-coating, i-lining, kunye ne-electrochemical corrosion protection. I-Coating yeyona nto isetyenziswa kakhulu kwezi teknoloji.
Izinto zokwaleka eziqhelekileyo ziquka i-epoxy powder coating (FBE), ezintathu-zemaleko e-polyethylene (3PE), iteyiphu encamathelayo ye-polyethylene, kunye ne-polyurethane. Ukuthatha i-3PE njengomzekelo, iqulethe isiseko sesiseko se-epoxy powder (ukubonelela ngokubambelela ngokuqinileyo kumbhobho wensimbi kunye nokuchasana kweekhemikhali), umgca ophakathi we-adhesive (ukudibanisa i-epoxy layer kwi-polyethylene yangaphandle), kunye nomgangatho wangaphandle we-polyethylene (ukumelana nomonakalo womatshini kunye nemitha ye-UV). Esi sakhiwo sithathu- sisebenza ngokubambisana ukuxhathisa ukubola emhlabeni nasemanzini olwandle, ngelixa sikwamelana neempembelelo zomzimba xa ungcwatyiwe okanye ngaphezulu.
2. I-"Protection Logic" ye-Anti{1}}I-Corrosion Steel Pipe: Izinto eziNtathu zoThintelo loKutya.
I-Metal corrosion yi-electrochemical reaction. Xa imibhobho yentsimbi idibana namanzi, ioksijini, kunye ne-electrolytes (efana netyuwa emhlabeni), i-galvanic cell ibumba, ibangela ukuba iiathom ze-iron ziphulukane nee-electron kwaye zifake i-oxidize (ukwenza umhlwa). Ukonakala{2}}imibhobho yentsimbi enganyangekiyo ivalela le nkqubo ngezi ndlela zilandelayo:
Ukwahlukaniswa ngokomzimba: Iingubo okanye izinto zokugqoka (ezifana ne-polyethylene okanye i-ceramic) zihlukanise ngokupheleleyo umbhobho wentsimbi ukusuka kwindawo ephazamisayo, ukuthintela ukudibanisa ngokuthe ngqo.
I-Chemical passivation: Iingubo ezithile (ezifana ne-epoxy powder) zisabela kunye nomphezulu wombhobho wentsimbi ukuze zenze ifilimu eshinyeneyo yokugqithisa, inqanda ukuhanjiswa kwe-electron.
Ukukhuselwa kwe-Electrochemical: Iteknoloji yokukhusela i-cathodic yangoku (i-ICCP) iteknoloji (ehlala isetyenziswa ngokubambisana neengubo) isebenzisa i-reverse current kumbhobho wensimbi, uyiguqule ibe yi-cathode, ngaloo ndlela ikhusela ukubola njenge-anode.
Kwimibhobho yeoli kunye negesi engcwatyiweyo, umzekelo, i-3PE yokugquma iyamelana nokungena komswakama kunye netyuwa emhlabeni, ngelixa inkqubo yokukhusela i-cathodic ibonelela ngolunye ukhuselo lokhuseleko, lucotha inkqubo ye-corrosion nokuba i-coating yonakaliswe kancinci.
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Iimfuno zokukhuselwa komhlwa ziyohluka kakhulu kwimiba eyahlukeneyo yemizi-mveliso, ekhokelela kwiindidi zombhobho wentsimbi{0}}okumelana neentlobo eziyilelwe ukujongana nemingeni ethile yokusingqongileyo:
Kwimibhobho engcwatywe: i-3PE okanye i-epoxy coal coal tar iyakhethwa. Eyangaphambili ichasene noxinzelelo lomhlaba kunye nokungena kweengcambu zezityalo, okwenza ukuba ilungele igesi yendalo kunye nokuthuthwa kweoli ecocekileyo; eyokugqibela iphantsi-ixabiso eliphantsi kwaye{3}}iyaxhathisa, iyenza iqhele ukusetyenziswa kunikezelo lwamanzi kunye nothungelwano lokuhambisa amanzi.
Imekobume zaselwandle: Ukufumana isitshizi setyuwa ephezulu, imitha ye-UV eyomeleleyo, kunye nokuntywiliselwa kwamanzi olwandle, i-epoxy powder + i-polyurethane sheath yangaphandle okanye i-titanium nano{1}}ipayipi yentsimbi eqatywe ifaneleke ngakumbi, kunye nobomi bokumelana nokutshizwa kwetyuwa ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-20.
Ubushushu obuphezulu-nobume boxinzelelo oluphezulu: Kuthungelwano lwamandla e-thermal okanye imibhobho yokusabela kwekhemikhali, iingubo zeseramikhi okanye{2}}ubushushu obuphezulu bokugquma i-epoxy (ekwaziyo ukumelana namaqondo obushushu angaphezu kwama-300 degree) iyacetyiswa, ibonelela ngokuxhathisa ukudleka kunye nokuxhathisa ukonakala kwe-thermal.
Imidiya ekhethekileyo: Xa uthutha izisombululo ze-acidic kunye ne-alkaline (ezifana ne-sulfuric acid kunye ne-lye), i-polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) -ipayipi yensimbi edibeneyo iyadingeka. Ukungangeni kwayo kwikhemikhali kuyenza imelane phantse nalo lonke ulwelo olunokutya okuninzi.
4. Ixabiso leMibhobho yentsimbi echasene{1}}nokonakala: Isiqinisekiso esiphindiweyo soQoqosho noKhuseleko.
Iinzuzo zoqoqosho zokusebenzisa i-anti{0}}imibhobho yentsimbi yokubola ibalulekile. Imibhobho yentsimbi eqhelekileyo inokufuneka itshintshwe rhoqo nge-3-iminyaka emi-5 kwindawo enomhlwa, ngexa{4}}umgangatho ophezulu wokuchasana{7}}umgangatho wemibhobho yentsimbi enokudleka ingahlala iminyaka engama-20-iminyaka engama-50 (umzekelo, imibhobho ye-3PE yokunqanda ukubola idla ngokuyilelwa ubomi beminyaka engama-50). Umzekelo, ugqabhuko-dubulo lombhobho werhasi yendalo okubangelwa kukudleka kunye nokuvuza kunokubangela ilahleko yezoqoqosho ngokuthe ngqo kumakhulu ezigidi zeeyuan. Nangona kunjalo, utyalo-mali kwimibhobho yentsimbi yokunqanda ukubola ithatha kuphela i-5% -15% yeendleko zemibhobho iyonke, kodwa inokunciphisa ingozi yengozi ngaphezu kwe-90%.
Ukongeza,-imibhobho yentsimbi yokubola ikhuthaza ukukhula kohlaza kunye {1}nekhabhoni ephantsi. Umhlwa kunciphisa ukusebenza kwemibhobho (umzekelo, ukukala kwandisa ukuxhathisa), ngelixa unyango oluchasayo{3}}lokuhlwa lugcina umphezulu ogudileyo wombhobho ongaphakathi, wehlisa ilahleko yamandla. Ukwandisa ubomi benkonzo kunciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo yemibhobho yensimbi elahliweyo.
Ukuqukumbela: "UmGcini ongabonakaliyo" Ukhusela iNdlela yoBomi yoShishino
Ukusuka kuthungelwano lwemibhobho yerhasi eMpuma-eMpuma ukuya kwiintambo zothumelo lwezityalo zekhemikhali eziselunxwemeni, ukusuka kwiinkqubo zonikezelo lwamanzi ezidolophini eziphantsi komhlaba ukuya kwimibhobho yamandla yezikhululo zophando ezikwincam yomhlaba, imibhobho yentsimbi echasene{1}}nokonakala ikhusela buthule ukhuseleko nokusebenza kakuhle koshishino lwangoku. Ngenkqubela phambili kwinzululwazi yemathiriyeli kunye-nobuchwephesha bokuchasana (njengophuhliso lwe-nano{4}}yeengubo kunye nokubeka iliso elikrelekrele elichasa{5}}iileya zokubola), imibhobho yentsimbi echasayo{6}}ixesha elizayo iya kuba krelekrele ngakumbi kwaye yomelele ngakumbi, iqhubeke isebenza njengesiseko esiluqilima sokhuseleko kumacandelo ehlabathi amandla kunye neziseko zophuhliso.
